acute and sub-acute toxicity studies of aqueous leaf extract of launaea taraxacifolia (willd.) in wistar rats

Millicent Ladi Umaru; Kabiru Abubakar; Gabriel Noblefather Uyaiabasi; Giaze Rabiu Tijjani; Yusuf Ibrahim Alkali; Iyabo Mobolawa Adebisi; Oluranti Alebiosu; Soddik Malami Sahabi; Suleiman Abdullahi; Mshelia Emmanuel Halilu

doi:10.5455/jcmr.2021.12.01.11

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J Complement Med Res. 2021; 12(1): 95-101

doi: 10.5455/jcmr.2021.12.01.11

acute and sub-acute toxicity studies of aqueous leaf extract of launaea taraxacifolia (willd.) in wistar rats

Millicent Ladi Umaru, Kabiru Abubakar, Gabriel Noblefather Uyaiabasi, Giaze Rabiu Tijjani, Yusuf Ibrahim Alkali, Iyabo Mobolawa Adebisi, Oluranti Alebiosu, Soddik Malami Sahabi, Suleiman Abdullahi, Mshelia Emmanuel Halilu.

Abstract
Aim: This study aim to evaluate the acute and sub-acute toxicity profile of aqueous leaf extract of Launaea taraxacifolia (LT) in Wistar rats.

Methods: Acute toxicity was investigated using Lorkes method, while sub-acute toxicity was assessed using OECD guideline. The first phase of the acute toxicity study had nine Wistar rats randomly divided into three groups (n=3) and administered doses of 10mg/kg, 100mg/kg and 1000mg/kg (po) leaf extract of LT, respectively. In the second phase, four groups animals (n=1) received doses of 1200mg/kg, 1600mg/kg, 2900mg/kg and 5000 mg/kg (po) of the extract, respectively. For the sub-acute toxicity study, twenty rats were randomly divided into four groups (n=5). Group 1 received 10ml/kg distilled water, while Groups 2-4 received 250mg/kg, 500mg/kg and 1000mg/kg (po) of the extract, respectively for 28 days.

Results: Acute toxicity result showed no mortality in both phases of study. In the sub-acute studies, significant increases in platelets in all treatment groups and RBC at the highest dose (1000 mg/kg) of the extract were observed (p<0.05). There was significant increase in sodium and potassium ions while in the liver function indices, showed significant elevation in ALT and AST at 500mg/kg & 1000mg/kg treatment doses. Histological examinations of the rats kidney, liver, heart and spleen all showed normal cells; only follicular hyperplasia, congestion and oedema was seen in the spleen for groups treated with 500mg/kg and 1000mg/kg doses of the plant.

Conclusion: The aqueous leaf extract of Launaea taraxacifolia was shown to be relatively non-toxic but carries a potential of being hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic on long term use at higher doses.

Key words: Ethnopharmacological; Hepatotoxic; Herbal vegetable; Launaea taraxacifolia; Nephrotoxic; Sub-acute toxicity study

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How to Cite this Article

Pubmed Style

MLU, KA, GNU, Tijjani GR, Alkali YI, Adebisi IM, OA, Sahabi SM, SA, Halilu ME. acute and sub-acute toxicity studies of aqueous leaf extract of launaea taraxacifolia (willd.) in wistar rats. J Complement Med Res. 2021; 12(1): 95-101. doi:10.5455/jcmr.2021.12.01.11

Web Style

MLU, KA, GNU, Tijjani GR, Alkali YI, Adebisi IM, OA, Sahabi SM, SA, Halilu ME. acute and sub-acute toxicity studies of aqueous leaf extract of launaea taraxacifolia (willd.) in wistar rats. https://www.jocmr.com/?mno=129007 [Access: August 08, 2022]. doi:10.5455/jcmr.2021.12.01.11

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

MLU, KA, GNU, Tijjani GR, Alkali YI, Adebisi IM, OA, Sahabi SM, SA, Halilu ME. acute and sub-acute toxicity studies of aqueous leaf extract of launaea taraxacifolia (willd.) in wistar rats. J Complement Med Res. 2021; 12(1): 95-101. doi:10.5455/jcmr.2021.12.01.11

Vancouver/ICMJE Style

MLU, KA, GNU, Tijjani GR, Alkali YI, Adebisi IM, OA, Sahabi SM, SA, Halilu ME. acute and sub-acute toxicity studies of aqueous leaf extract of launaea taraxacifolia (willd.) in wistar rats. J Complement Med Res. (2021), [cited August 08, 2022]; 12(1): 95-101. doi:10.5455/jcmr.2021.12.01.11

Harvard Style

, M. L. U., , . K. A., , . G. N. U., Tijjani, . G. R., Alkali, . Y. I., Adebisi, . I. M., , . O. A., Sahabi, . S. M., , . S. A. & Halilu, . M. E. (2021) acute and sub-acute toxicity studies of aqueous leaf extract of launaea taraxacifolia (willd.) in wistar rats. J Complement Med Res, 12 (1), 95-101. doi:10.5455/jcmr.2021.12.01.11

Turabian Style

, Millicent Ladi Umaru, Kabiru Abubakar, Gabriel Noblefather Uyaiabasi, Giaze Rabiu Tijjani, Yusuf Ibrahim Alkali, Iyabo Mobolawa Adebisi, Oluranti Alebiosu, Soddik Malami Sahabi, Suleiman Abdullahi, and Mshelia Emmanuel Halilu. 2021. acute and sub-acute toxicity studies of aqueous leaf extract of launaea taraxacifolia (willd.) in wistar rats. Journal of Complementary Medicine Research, 12 (1), 95-101. doi:10.5455/jcmr.2021.12.01.11

Chicago Style

, Millicent Ladi Umaru, Kabiru Abubakar, Gabriel Noblefather Uyaiabasi, Giaze Rabiu Tijjani, Yusuf Ibrahim Alkali, Iyabo Mobolawa Adebisi, Oluranti Alebiosu, Soddik Malami Sahabi, Suleiman Abdullahi, and Mshelia Emmanuel Halilu. "acute and sub-acute toxicity studies of aqueous leaf extract of launaea taraxacifolia (willd.) in wistar rats." Journal of Complementary Medicine Research 12 (2021), 95-101. doi:10.5455/jcmr.2021.12.01.11

MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

, Millicent Ladi Umaru, Kabiru Abubakar, Gabriel Noblefather Uyaiabasi, Giaze Rabiu Tijjani, Yusuf Ibrahim Alkali, Iyabo Mobolawa Adebisi, Oluranti Alebiosu, Soddik Malami Sahabi, Suleiman Abdullahi, and Mshelia Emmanuel Halilu. "acute and sub-acute toxicity studies of aqueous leaf extract of launaea taraxacifolia (willd.) in wistar rats." Journal of Complementary Medicine Research 12.1 (2021), 95-101. Print. doi:10.5455/jcmr.2021.12.01.11

APA (American Psychological Association) Style

, M. L. U., , . K. A., , . G. N. U., Tijjani, . G. R., Alkali, . Y. I., Adebisi, . I. M., , . O. A., Sahabi, . S. M., , . S. A. & Halilu, . M. E. (2021) acute and sub-acute toxicity studies of aqueous leaf extract of launaea taraxacifolia (willd.) in wistar rats. Journal of Complementary Medicine Research, 12 (1), 95-101. doi:10.5455/jcmr.2021.12.01.11



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