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Ethanol leaf extract of Pterocarpus mildbraedii ameliorates hepatotoxicity, oxidative stress and dyslipidaemia in cadmium chloride induced male Wistar rats

Edet O. Akpanyung, Daniel E. Ekpo, *Utibe E. Bassey, Ekam I. Akpakpan, Violet Akwo-Ne.

Abstract
Cadmium is a widespread environmental pollutant that induces toxicity in animals via the generation of free radicals. Hence, medicinal plants with anti-oxidative potentials are being evaluated for use as antidote against the deleterious effects of this metal. The present study investigated the protective potentials of ethanol leaf extract of Pterocarpus mildbraedii against cadmium chloride induced hepatotoxicity, oxidative stress and dyslipidemia in albino rats. Fresh leaves of Pterocarpus mildbraedii were harvested and processed in December, 2020. Twenty four (24) male Wistar rats weighing 140 – 180 g were divided into four groups with 6 animals in each group. Group 1 served as the control group. Groups 2 and 3 were administered 10 mg/kg body weight and 400 mg/kg body weight of cadmium chloride and ethanol leaf extract of Pterocarpus mildbraedii respectively, for 21 days. Group 4 received cadmium chloride before the extract for 21 days. Serum was used in the determination of biomarkers of hepatotoxicity and lipid profile while the indices of oxidative stress were analyzed in liver homogenate. The results showed that cadmium chloride induced liver damage evidenced as significant increase (p<0.05) in the serum concentrations of liver enzymes and bilirubin with a decrease in serum total protein. The total concentration of serum cholesterol, triacylglycerol, LDL-cholesterol, VLDL-cholesterol and MDA also increased significantly while HDL-cholesterol decreased. Activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, Catalase and GPx) decreased significantly (p˂0.05) following the administration of cadmium chloride. Ethanol leaf extract of Pterocarpus mildbraedii was observed to ameliorate the adverse effects induced by cadmium chloride. The study suggests the need for further evaluation of the pharmacological benefits of the leaf extract for possible use in the management of cadmium toxicity.

Key words: Cadmium chloride; Hepatotoxicity; Lipid Profile; Oxidative Stress; Pterocarpus mildbraedii


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Akpanyung EO, Ekpo DE, Bassey UE, Akpakpan EI, Akwo-Ne V. Ethanol leaf extract of Pterocarpus mildbraedii ameliorates hepatotoxicity, oxidative stress and dyslipidaemia in cadmium chloride induced male Wistar rats. J Complement Med Res. 2022; 13(1): 115-121. doi:10.5455/jcmr.2022.13.01.21

Web Style

Akpanyung EO, Ekpo DE, Bassey UE, Akpakpan EI, Akwo-Ne V. Ethanol leaf extract of Pterocarpus mildbraedii ameliorates hepatotoxicity, oxidative stress and dyslipidaemia in cadmium chloride induced male Wistar rats. https://www.jocmr.com/?mno=134480 [Access: April 25, 2022]. doi:10.5455/jcmr.2022.13.01.21

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Akpanyung EO, Ekpo DE, Bassey UE, Akpakpan EI, Akwo-Ne V. Ethanol leaf extract of Pterocarpus mildbraedii ameliorates hepatotoxicity, oxidative stress and dyslipidaemia in cadmium chloride induced male Wistar rats. J Complement Med Res. 2022; 13(1): 115-121. doi:10.5455/jcmr.2022.13.01.21


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Akpanyung EO, Ekpo DE, Bassey UE, Akpakpan EI, Akwo-Ne V. Ethanol leaf extract of Pterocarpus mildbraedii ameliorates hepatotoxicity, oxidative stress and dyslipidaemia in cadmium chloride induced male Wistar rats. J Complement Med Res. (2022), [cited April 25, 2022]; 13(1): 115-121. doi:10.5455/jcmr.2022.13.01.21


Harvard Style

Akpanyung, E. O., Ekpo, . D. E., Bassey, . U. E., Akpakpan, . E. I. & Akwo-Ne, . V. (2022) Ethanol leaf extract of Pterocarpus mildbraedii ameliorates hepatotoxicity, oxidative stress and dyslipidaemia in cadmium chloride induced male Wistar rats. J Complement Med Res, 13 (1), 115-121. doi:10.5455/jcmr.2022.13.01.21


Turabian Style

Akpanyung, Edet O., Daniel E. Ekpo, Utibe E. Bassey, Ekam I. Akpakpan, and Violet Akwo-Ne. 2022. Ethanol leaf extract of Pterocarpus mildbraedii ameliorates hepatotoxicity, oxidative stress and dyslipidaemia in cadmium chloride induced male Wistar rats. Journal of Complementary Medicine Research, 13 (1), 115-121. doi:10.5455/jcmr.2022.13.01.21


Chicago Style

Akpanyung, Edet O., Daniel E. Ekpo, Utibe E. Bassey, Ekam I. Akpakpan, and Violet Akwo-Ne. "Ethanol leaf extract of Pterocarpus mildbraedii ameliorates hepatotoxicity, oxidative stress and dyslipidaemia in cadmium chloride induced male Wistar rats." Journal of Complementary Medicine Research 13 (2022), 115-121. doi:10.5455/jcmr.2022.13.01.21


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Akpanyung, Edet O., Daniel E. Ekpo, Utibe E. Bassey, Ekam I. Akpakpan, and Violet Akwo-Ne. "Ethanol leaf extract of Pterocarpus mildbraedii ameliorates hepatotoxicity, oxidative stress and dyslipidaemia in cadmium chloride induced male Wistar rats." Journal of Complementary Medicine Research 13.1 (2022), 115-121. Print. doi:10.5455/jcmr.2022.13.01.21


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Akpanyung, E. O., Ekpo, . D. E., Bassey, . U. E., Akpakpan, . E. I. & Akwo-Ne, . V. (2022) Ethanol leaf extract of Pterocarpus mildbraedii ameliorates hepatotoxicity, oxidative stress and dyslipidaemia in cadmium chloride induced male Wistar rats. Journal of Complementary Medicine Research, 13 (1), 115-121. doi:10.5455/jcmr.2022.13.01.21


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